Acting on potentially inappropriate care.

This model involves four steps. First, a credible, independent body would review clinical evidence to identify potentially inappropriate treatments. Second, the same body would monitor use of those treatments. Hospitals providing the treatments more frequently than the national average rate would be advised of that fact. Third, if a hospital’s abnormal practice persisted, they would face an external clinical review in which they could justify their practice to peers. Finally, if the reviewers found this justification unsatisfactory, only then might there be financial consequences.